Prostate cancer is a cancer of the prostate gland. In its early stage it often causes no symptoms at all. That is why men are encouraged to talk to their doctor about screening, especially as they get older or if there is a family history.
Possible warning signs
- Difficulty starting or a weak urinary stream
- Frequent urination, especially at night
- Blood in the urine or in the semen
- Pain in the back, hips or pelvis that does not go away
- Erectile difficulties
Many of these symptoms are far more often caused by benign conditions, such as an enlarged prostate, but they should still be evaluated.
What screening involves
- A discussion of your age, health and family history
- A blood test called PSA (prostate specific antigen)
- In some cases, a physical examination of the prostate
Screening has benefits and limits. A raised PSA does not always mean cancer, and a doctor will explain how to interpret it and whether more tests, such as imaging or a biopsy, are needed.
Who should talk to a doctor
- Men in older age groups
- Men with a family history of prostate cancer
- Anyone with the symptoms above
A decision about screening is best made together with your urologist, after a discussion of the benefits and limits for you.
This article is for general educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional medical consultation, diagnosis or treatment. Treatment recommendations depend on each person’s clinical condition and medical evaluation.
