Difficulty conceiving is a concern for many couples. Contributing factors can be found in the woman, the man, or both, so both partners should be evaluated. Evaluation of the man is simple and is usually the first step.
Common factors in men
- Low sperm count
- Poor sperm motility, meaning the sperm do not move well
- Abnormal sperm shape (morphology)
- Varicocele, enlarged veins around the testicle
- Hormonal factors
- Obstructive causes, where a blockage stops sperm from being released
- Previous infections or surgeries
- Other male-factor concerns
How it is evaluated
- A discussion of medical, sexual and family history
- A physical examination
- A semen analysis
- Blood tests, for example hormone levels, when advised
Evaluation is tailored to the individual and, where appropriate, to the couple.
What can be done
Depending on the cause, options may include treating an underlying condition, medicines, treating a varicocele, and lifestyle changes. Some couples are guided toward assisted reproductive techniques.
Take the first step
A confidential consultation is a good start. Many causes are treatable, and knowing the cause helps you decide the next step.
This article is for general educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional medical consultation, diagnosis or treatment. Treatment recommendations depend on each person’s clinical condition and medical evaluation.
